Bans on smoking in public places had a greater impact on the prevention of heart attacks than ever expected, shows the data collected.
According to two studies, smoking bans in Europe and North America has reduced heart attacks by one third to notify the British national broadcaster the BBC. New research published in two leading journals, "Circulation" and the "Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
Benefits the heart is significantly greater than expected prior to publication bans, and the British 10 per cent previously published. rate.
Earlier this month, Britain published data, that in England alone of heart attacks decreased by 10 percent. after July 2007 have been banned smoking in public places.
Doctor James Lightwood from the University of California at San Francisco led the "Circulation" study, which summarized 13 different analysis.
His team discovered that heart attacks in Europe and North America started to decline soon after anti-smoking rules in force and over time their numbers fell more and more - after a three-year decrease of 36 percent.
"Although it is clear that we do not reach a zero rate of heart attacks, these data provide evidence that the short and medium term, a ban on smoking will help prevent many attacks," - he said.
J. Lightwood According to this study contributes to other credible evidence that passive smoking, the harmful substances in non-smoker person receives a passing smokers smoke causes heart attacks.
"Smoke-free workplaces and public places, the validation enactment of legislation is some of what can be done to protect the public", - he said.
Monday 8 February 2010
Saturday 6 February 2010
Smoking and the consequences
Tobacco smoking is the most common addiction disease, causing more health problems and premature deaths than all other legal and illegal drugs combined.
World-wide pervasive use of tobacco is a growing problem, leading to increasing morbidity and mortality from tobacco-related diseases. The World Bank estimates about a third of the adult world people smoke, which is about 1.3 billion smokers in the world. Smoking is already cause 4.9 million. deaths every year, being one of the 10 deaths. It is the most important cardiovascular diseases, malignant tumors and respiratory disease risk factor. Smokers often suffer from disease, and 25 on average, lose 5-8, and middle-aged men (35-59 m) in the group - 20-25 years of productive life. One of the two from his youth rūkiusių and nemetusių smoking numiršta from tobacco-related diseases.
Lithuania 2006 43.4 per cent smoked on a daily basis. 20-64 in old men and 14.5 per cent. women.
Effects of smoking
Tobacco smoke found that more than 4000 chemical compounds, of which about 200 actually considered to be harmful to health, and 40 are approved for Group A carcinogens. Carcinogens (various benzpirenai, nitrosamines, and radioactive polonium, etc.). Enter the body with resins and the most immediate harm to contact sites (lips, oral cavity, larynx, bronchial mucosa, and in recent years the occurrence of "light" cigarette smoking, and alveolar and interstitial lung tissue) and therefore long-term smoking leads to the pharynx, larynx, esophagus, lung, stomach, pancreas, liver and bladder cancer, also increases the risk of ill, and other forms of cancer. Mucous membrane irritant substance (acid radicals, aldehydes, etc..) Cause chronic inflammation of the bronchial mucosa, epithelial atrophy and virpamojo so-called "smoker's bronchitis, and ultimately to pulmonary emphysema and chronic lung and heart failure.
Nicotine, sutraukdamas the small blood vessels, the walls of their deteriorating diets and encourages the development of atherosclerosis. Carbon monoxide (carbon monoxide), creating a stable compound with hemoglobin, impaired oxygen metabolism. Both of these substances together increases the risk of ill ischemic heart disease, stroke, aortic aneurysm, heart rhythm disturbances.
Nicotine is the main active ingredient in tobacco smoke, both active in the central and the autonomous nervous system, distorts neurohormonų metabolism and resulting in the emergence of dependence. Tobacco smoking is the most effective way to introduce nicotine into the body (smoking in the first dose reaches the brain within 10-20 seconds. But then the smokers received and all other harmful substances).
Effect of Smoking Health
Regular smoking health effects depend on the number of cigarettes surūkomų (entering into the body of harmful substances in total), smoking duration (length of service) and individual characteristics of the organism, and not all smokers smoke-induced effects occur uniformly. The most notable is a causal link between smoking and diseases of pulmonary cancer. By 90 to 95 percent. it was regularly sick smokers. All smoking-related forms of cancer leads to 30 percent. overall mortality from malignant tumors.
Chronic bronchitis is an inevitable consequence of long-term regular smoking. 75 percent. all respiratory disease associated with smoking, but it leads to only 3-4 per cent. overall mortality. The reason is that chronic lung disease takes a long time, and smokers during the time of death and other diseases.
Smoking leads to 25 percent. mortality from ischemic heart disease and is considered one of its most important risk factor, especially in combination with others (hypercholesterolaemia, arterial hypertension, etc.).. Young and middle-aged men smoking is considered one of the most important of their early death from myocardial infarction factor.
Causing circulatory disorders and sperm motility by reducing smoking leads to male infertility, smoking also increases the likelihood and impotence.
Smoking effects are particularly sensitive to your child's body. Studies have found that smoking among children in the lungs rapidly evolving genetic changes that can lead to lung cancer. Dependence on tobacco, they may occur after just a few cigarettes surūkymo, but after the first two years of smoking at least a few cigarettes per day smokers, students assess their health worse than non-smokers.
Female smokers suffering from the same diseases as smoking men, but on the psychophysical characteristics of their health suffer more. Smoking women get pregnant later, tend to be infertile, they tend to be dysmenorrhea and premature menopause. Rūkančioms women together, and taking oral contraceptives, especially susceptible to increased risk of ischemic heart disease. Nicotine and carbon monoxide easily passes the placental barrier and enters the fetal blood, and pregnant women smoking is dangerous not only them, but the fruit body. Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of spontaneous abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy increases perinatal mortality, slows fetal and child development. Smoking women are more likely give birth to lower weight and preterm babies, their babies often die from sudden infant death syndrome.
Passive smoking
Passive smoking is called breathing tobacco smoke, polluted air. Passive smoking is harmful to both adults and children. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency passive smoking is identified as Group A (confirmed) human carcinogen. Tobacco smoke irritates the eyes and respiratory tract mucosa, accelerates the emergence of fatigue, can trigger headaches, angina, asthma attacks, exacerbate the symptoms of allergic diseases. Frequent and long-term passive smoking increases lung cancer, heart disease, stroke and other smoking-disease risk.
Tobacco smoke are particularly vulnerable children whose parents smoke. These children are 1.5 times more often suffer from asthma, respiratory tract infections, otitis media, often visiting the clinic and other diseases. Such children struggling to learn, they experience more psychological problems. Children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy, often twice the mortality, sudden infant death syndrome.
Smoking Quitline
About 70 per cent. of all regular smokers want to quit smoking, many of whom have ever tried to quit, but only 1 to 5 percent. who had tried to quit succeeded in becoming self-non-smoking (smoking years and more). Therefore, smokers are two-fold need assistance, one should be encouraged to quit smoking and to strengthen the motivation of stopping, others, already willing to give up and want to require different levels of medical and psychiatric assistance: medical consultation, the pharmacological treatment, psychotherapy, anonymous groups, telephone and other methods.
Separate ways to the effectiveness of aid is very different from the minimum (5% of self-dropping case) to 50-70% of the strong motivation of patients in the groups expected the best results when available to all routes of exposure.
World-wide pervasive use of tobacco is a growing problem, leading to increasing morbidity and mortality from tobacco-related diseases. The World Bank estimates about a third of the adult world people smoke, which is about 1.3 billion smokers in the world. Smoking is already cause 4.9 million. deaths every year, being one of the 10 deaths. It is the most important cardiovascular diseases, malignant tumors and respiratory disease risk factor. Smokers often suffer from disease, and 25 on average, lose 5-8, and middle-aged men (35-59 m) in the group - 20-25 years of productive life. One of the two from his youth rūkiusių and nemetusių smoking numiršta from tobacco-related diseases.
Lithuania 2006 43.4 per cent smoked on a daily basis. 20-64 in old men and 14.5 per cent. women.
Effects of smoking
Tobacco smoke found that more than 4000 chemical compounds, of which about 200 actually considered to be harmful to health, and 40 are approved for Group A carcinogens. Carcinogens (various benzpirenai, nitrosamines, and radioactive polonium, etc.). Enter the body with resins and the most immediate harm to contact sites (lips, oral cavity, larynx, bronchial mucosa, and in recent years the occurrence of "light" cigarette smoking, and alveolar and interstitial lung tissue) and therefore long-term smoking leads to the pharynx, larynx, esophagus, lung, stomach, pancreas, liver and bladder cancer, also increases the risk of ill, and other forms of cancer. Mucous membrane irritant substance (acid radicals, aldehydes, etc..) Cause chronic inflammation of the bronchial mucosa, epithelial atrophy and virpamojo so-called "smoker's bronchitis, and ultimately to pulmonary emphysema and chronic lung and heart failure.
Nicotine, sutraukdamas the small blood vessels, the walls of their deteriorating diets and encourages the development of atherosclerosis. Carbon monoxide (carbon monoxide), creating a stable compound with hemoglobin, impaired oxygen metabolism. Both of these substances together increases the risk of ill ischemic heart disease, stroke, aortic aneurysm, heart rhythm disturbances.
Nicotine is the main active ingredient in tobacco smoke, both active in the central and the autonomous nervous system, distorts neurohormonų metabolism and resulting in the emergence of dependence. Tobacco smoking is the most effective way to introduce nicotine into the body (smoking in the first dose reaches the brain within 10-20 seconds. But then the smokers received and all other harmful substances).
Effect of Smoking Health
Regular smoking health effects depend on the number of cigarettes surūkomų (entering into the body of harmful substances in total), smoking duration (length of service) and individual characteristics of the organism, and not all smokers smoke-induced effects occur uniformly. The most notable is a causal link between smoking and diseases of pulmonary cancer. By 90 to 95 percent. it was regularly sick smokers. All smoking-related forms of cancer leads to 30 percent. overall mortality from malignant tumors.
Chronic bronchitis is an inevitable consequence of long-term regular smoking. 75 percent. all respiratory disease associated with smoking, but it leads to only 3-4 per cent. overall mortality. The reason is that chronic lung disease takes a long time, and smokers during the time of death and other diseases.
Smoking leads to 25 percent. mortality from ischemic heart disease and is considered one of its most important risk factor, especially in combination with others (hypercholesterolaemia, arterial hypertension, etc.).. Young and middle-aged men smoking is considered one of the most important of their early death from myocardial infarction factor.
Causing circulatory disorders and sperm motility by reducing smoking leads to male infertility, smoking also increases the likelihood and impotence.
Smoking effects are particularly sensitive to your child's body. Studies have found that smoking among children in the lungs rapidly evolving genetic changes that can lead to lung cancer. Dependence on tobacco, they may occur after just a few cigarettes surūkymo, but after the first two years of smoking at least a few cigarettes per day smokers, students assess their health worse than non-smokers.
Female smokers suffering from the same diseases as smoking men, but on the psychophysical characteristics of their health suffer more. Smoking women get pregnant later, tend to be infertile, they tend to be dysmenorrhea and premature menopause. Rūkančioms women together, and taking oral contraceptives, especially susceptible to increased risk of ischemic heart disease. Nicotine and carbon monoxide easily passes the placental barrier and enters the fetal blood, and pregnant women smoking is dangerous not only them, but the fruit body. Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of spontaneous abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy increases perinatal mortality, slows fetal and child development. Smoking women are more likely give birth to lower weight and preterm babies, their babies often die from sudden infant death syndrome.
Passive smoking
Passive smoking is called breathing tobacco smoke, polluted air. Passive smoking is harmful to both adults and children. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency passive smoking is identified as Group A (confirmed) human carcinogen. Tobacco smoke irritates the eyes and respiratory tract mucosa, accelerates the emergence of fatigue, can trigger headaches, angina, asthma attacks, exacerbate the symptoms of allergic diseases. Frequent and long-term passive smoking increases lung cancer, heart disease, stroke and other smoking-disease risk.
Tobacco smoke are particularly vulnerable children whose parents smoke. These children are 1.5 times more often suffer from asthma, respiratory tract infections, otitis media, often visiting the clinic and other diseases. Such children struggling to learn, they experience more psychological problems. Children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy, often twice the mortality, sudden infant death syndrome.
Smoking Quitline
About 70 per cent. of all regular smokers want to quit smoking, many of whom have ever tried to quit, but only 1 to 5 percent. who had tried to quit succeeded in becoming self-non-smoking (smoking years and more). Therefore, smokers are two-fold need assistance, one should be encouraged to quit smoking and to strengthen the motivation of stopping, others, already willing to give up and want to require different levels of medical and psychiatric assistance: medical consultation, the pharmacological treatment, psychotherapy, anonymous groups, telephone and other methods.
Separate ways to the effectiveness of aid is very different from the minimum (5% of self-dropping case) to 50-70% of the strong motivation of patients in the groups expected the best results when available to all routes of exposure.
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